Migration *ALL LEVELS*

Types:
• Voluntary: For employment purposes, lifestyle
• Illegal: Mexico to USA
• Internal: Urban to rural, Internally Displaced People
• Forced: Slaves
• External: Leaving the country
• Emigration: NZ to Australia
• Immigration: China to NZ
Reasons
• Disease
• War
• Famine
• Natural disasters
• Overpopulation
 • Lack of services
• Climate
• Racial discrimination
 • Slavery
• Persecution: War, religion, race, beliefs, political beliefs, status in society

Effects of migration on receiving country:
+ Fill job shortages
+ More multicultural
+ More workers
+ Gained skilled labourers
- Intolerance
- Pressure of facilities
- Language Barriers
- More competition for jobs

Effects on origin country:
+ Relief on services
+ Money sent home
- loss of family members
- Loss of skills

Refugee Movements
➢ Due to: War, disasters, persecution, famine ect.
➢ In 2008 there were 16 million refugees
➢ 50% of refugees are children
➢ Refugee’s lack shelter, healthcare, money, clothing & education
➢ 4.5 million refugees in & around Israel
➢ 3 million refugees have fled to Pakistan/ Iran from Afghanistan
➢ The number of refugees in MEDC’s have dropped due to tighter restrictions